METHODOLOGY

Inspired by peer-reviewed science.

3 peer-reviewed instruments + 9 proprietary FLOW XP instruments = 12 total. Bibliography for transparency. Independent implementation informed by this body of work.

Important — intellectual property

Proprietary FLOW XP implementation, inspired by peer-reviewed research. Third-party frameworks remain their authors' property — FLOW XP does not redistribute or commercially exploit them. Our algorithms, architecture, AI, and platform = FLOW XP BV (BE 0669.982.661) property. SynC, Drive, Climate, Mirror, Squad, Compass, Pulse, Onboard, and 1on1 are proprietary FLOW XP de novo instruments. SynC is consistent with public emotional intelligence frameworks (Salovey & Mayer 1990, Gross 1998, Niven et al. 2009).

Reference bibliography

  1. PCDEQ-2

    Inspires the FLOW XP Edge instrument

    Psychological Characteristics of Developing Excellence Questionnaire — version 2

    Hill, A., MacNamara, Á., & Collins, D. (2015)

    Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology

    What this reference work studies

    Validated questionnaire operationalising the Psychological Characteristics of Developing Excellence (PCDEs) framework: commitment, focus and distraction control, quality practice, evaluation of performance, coping under pressure, social skills, planning, self-belief. Integrates the healthy/toxic perfectionism distinction (Stoeber 2006) as an embedded conceptual layer.

    View reference on Google Scholar →
  2. ACSI-28

    Inspires the FLOW XP Grit instrument

    Athletic Coping Skills Inventory

    Smith, R. E., Schutz, R. W., Smoll, F. L., & Ptacek, J. T. (1995)

    Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology

    What this reference work studies

    Psychological coping skills in sport: coping with adversity, peaking under pressure, goal setting, concentration, freedom from worry, confidence, coachability.

    View reference on Google Scholar →
  3. CART-Q

    Inspires the FLOW XP Alliance instrument

    Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (3C+1)

    Jowett, S., & Ntoumanis, N. (2004)

    Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports

    What this reference work studies

    Quality of the coach-athlete relationship across four dimensions: Closeness, Commitment, Complementarity, and Co-orientation.

    View reference on Google Scholar →

FLOW XP proprietary instruments

Nine proprietary FLOW XP de novo instruments, all authored by FLOW XP. No items derived from third-party proprietary instruments. Scoring algorithms, dimension architecture, AI report generation, and platform interface remain the exclusive intellectual property of FLOW XP BV (BE 0669.982.661).

  1. Punctual instruments — 1 per month, distributed over the season

    1. SynC — Coach emotional and relational intelligence

      Coach self-assessment. 7 dimensions: Confidence, Engagement, Cooperation, Empathy, Emotional Perception, Self-Regulation, Interpersonal Regulation. 56 items · ~14 min · 2×/season (September + April). Elite tier only. Consistent with Salovey & Mayer (1990), Gross (1998), Niven, Totterdell & Holman (2009). Crossed with athletes' Alliance perception via the Co-orientation Algorithm (Blind Spot Alerts when gap > 25 points).

    2. Drive — Athlete self-determination and motivation

      Athlete-facing assessment of motivational quality along the self-determination continuum (intrinsic → controlled → amotivation). 60 items · ~15 min · 1×/season (October). Consistent with Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan). Pro + Elite tiers.

    3. Climate — Motivational climate created by the coach

      Coach self-assessment of the motivational environment they create: empowering (autonomy-supportive) vs disempowering (controlling). 56 items · ~14 min · 1×/season (November). Elite tier only. Consistent with SDT and motivational climate research.

    4. Mirror — Anonymous 360° coach review

      Athletes rate their perception of the coach's behaviours — anonymously and only when k≥5 responses are collected to prevent identification. 60 items · ~15 min · 1×/season (March). Elite tier only. Consistent with coach behaviour research.

    5. Squad — Team cohesion and psychological safety

      Team-level assessment combining cohesion, collective efficacy, and psychological safety dimensions. Includes anonymous sociometric items. 38 items + sociometric · ~10 min · 1×/season (January). Performance + Pro + Elite tiers. Consistent with Carron, Edmondson, and Vallerand.

    6. Compass — Achievement orientation and goal structure

      Athlete-facing assessment of achievement goal orientation: task-mastery vs ego-normative. Maps the athlete's underlying motivational compass. 60 items · ~15 min · 1×/season (May). Pro + Elite tiers. Consistent with Achievement Goal Theory.

  2. Continuous instrument — daily throughout the season

    1. Pulse — Daily high-frequency microsurvey

      Daily opt-in microsurvey. 4 adaptive sliders that change context based on day type: training day, match day (pre-competition), match day+1 (recovery), or rest day. <30 seconds. Habit-forming, not pressure-inducing. Pro + Elite tiers.

  3. Event-based instruments — triggered by specific moments

    1. Onboard — First Mirror (athlete onboarding profile)

      Psychometric and projective baseline for newly signed athletes. 4 dimensions: coach expectations, team expectations, season intent, self-signature. 11 items · 4-5 min. Trigger: first app connection after contract signature. Creates longitudinal hooks with all subsequent instruments across the season. All tiers.

    2. 1on1 — Mid-season individual meeting preparation

      Athlete preparation form structured around the KISS matrix (Keep, Improve, Start, Stop). 6 items · 5 min. Trigger: 48h before the scheduled individual meeting with the head coach. Transforms the meeting into a structured development lever. Elite tier only.

All nine proprietary instruments use a Likert 1-6 scale, include trap items for response quality detection, and feed the FLOW XP AI report generation engine through a validated schema.

Scope of this page

Scientific transparency page. FLOW XP claims no rights over third-party reference works listed. No third-party instrument reproduced or commercially exploited. Rights questions: admin@flowxp.eu.